A Long-Neglected King of Judea. There was not much left that would have made him a Jewish king: the temple was destroyed, his realm was situated in Syria and only a few of his inhabitants were Jews. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Herod-Agrippa-II. Julius Marcus Agrippa was too young to be king and his father's territories became a Roman province. Agrippa Junior and his sister Berenice were two of the five children born to Agrippa I and his wife Cypros. Herod Agrippa II [b.27/28 AD?-d.93 AD?] (Chalcis was an independent town, halfway between Beirut and Damascus.) ", XIX, ix). The godfather of the Herod clan was Herod the Great, the king when Jesus was born and one who tried to have Him killed (Matthew 2). After the war, his territory was enlarged by Titus, and he apparently survived until 93 ce. The only son of Agrippa I and Cypros, he was the last of the royal Herodian line. The King Herod who killed all boys two years and under in Bethlehem of Judea after the Birth of Jesus (see Slaughter of the Innocents) was called "Herod the Great" for the great buildings he built, including the second temple of Jerusalem. It is unclear whether he left behind a family. The most important ancient source for the rule of king Herod was written by. To control him, Claudius appointed a powerful procurator in Samaria and Judaea, Marcus Antonius Felix, the brother of Claudius' adviser Pallas. 13. Though he supported the rights of the Jews at Alexandria, who faced trouble from the Hellenized populace, he avoided politics in Judaea, where the Zealots, a terrorist group, were active. The younger Agrippa was sent back to Rome to finish his studies. Herod Agrippa II, (born 27 ce —died c. 93), king of Chalcis in southern Lebanon from 50 ce and tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis in south Syria from 53 ce, who unsuccessfully mediated with the rebels in the First Jewish Revolt (66–70 ce). War had become inevitable (more) and Agrippa sided with the Romans. Vespasian arrived in Judaea in 67, and Agrippa assisted Roman operations. When Phillip the … He became a strong advocate for the Jews in Rome. Herod Agrippa, also known as Herod II or Agrippa I (Hebrew: אגריפס ‎; 11 BC – AD 44), was a King of Judea from AD 41 to 44 and of Philip's tetrarchy from 39. Their father, though inheritor of Herod’s throne, was a wastrel who dragged his family all over the Middle East from pillar to post trying to escape his debtors. He was the seventh and last "king" of the Herodian dynasty. Agrippa's coins indicate that he reckoned his reign from the year 50. He must have continued to rule for some twenty-five years. Herod agrippa ii definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. His father was called Herod and he was called Agrippa. to a family of Idumean converts. Agrippa II was born in either 27 or 28 CE. Acts 12 speaks of Herod as a persecutor of the apostles, but this is a different Herod—Herod Agrippa I. Herod Antipas was a ruler in Galilee, but Herod Agrippa I, leading the persecution in Acts, is ruling as king in Jerusalem. Some troops he had sent to Jerusalem capitulated in the summer of 66, and the rebels massacred the Roman garrison. c. A.D. 28-c. 95) lacked a biography in any language until now.. Dr. Jacobson (King’s College London) opens with a critique of the Agrippa found in the works of Flavius Josephus (fl. 59 C.E. Agrippa was born in A.D. 27 and only 17 when his father was struck down in 44, too young to succeed the throne. In 48, his uncle Herod of Chalcis died, a brother of his father. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Ruins Of The Agrippa Palace In Caesarea Philippi. Antonius Felix, Roman procurator of Judea (r. 52–c. Herod Agrippa II . AD), also known as Herod Agrippa II or Agrippa II, was the seventh and last sovereign descended from Herod the Great. The Roman government was obliged to offer the disinherited boy a kingdom of his own. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. There are indications that he lost some territories after 93, and what remained was incorporated in the Roman empire in 100. Berenice [b.28-after 81 AD], who first married Marcus Julius Alexander, son of Alexander the Alabarch around 41 AD. Herod Agrippa II is the one who heard Paul’s defense of the gospel and famously rejected Paul’s appeal to be saved. He was a great-grandson of Herod I the… The only son of Agrippa I and Cypros, he was the last of the royal Herodian line. He received authority over Jerusalem’s temple, and he also became king of Chalcis after the death of his uncle. Agrippa's sister Berenice witnessed the atrocities, but was unable to prevent them. Because of his youth at the death of his father, Agrippa I, in 44, the emperor Claudius returned Judaea to the status of a province. In 70 he aided Vespasian’s son Titus in the final conquest of Jerusalem itself. 93 C.E.) Succeeds Herod II. He was the son of the first and better-known Herod Agrippa, the brother of Berenice, Mariamne, and 3 Herod saw that the Jews liked this, so he decided to arrest Peter, too. Trouble threatened in his own kingdom. Omissions? Marcus Julius Agrippa (27? Herod Agrippa Hurts the Church. Agrippa returned, delivered a speech to dissuaded the Jerusalem populace from revolt, but failed. We also are told from history that he was in control of the Jewish priesthood. He was a great-grandson of Herod I the Great. (This happened during the time of the Feast of Unleavened Bread.) Agrippa II had been sent to Rome by his father, where he was raised and educated at the imperial court. Herod the Great known in the Bible as the monster who ordered the slaughter of the innocents in Bethlehem, is a well-known figure in ancient historical records. Corrections? Their legions were commanded by Vespasian, a successful commander, who started to reconquer Galilee and Judaea. became the second judge, and Paul appealed to Caesar. Agrippa's coins indicate that he reckoned his reign from the year 50. ), was a Roman client king who sided with Rome against his Jewish countrymen during the First Jewish War of 66-73. Herod Agrippa, also known as Herod II or Agrippa I (Hebrew: אגריפס ‎; 11 BC – AD 44), was a King of Judea from AD 41 to 44 and of Philip's tetrarchy from 39. Marcus Julius Agrippa, as he was named, received a royal education at Rome in the palace of the emperor. Herod Agrippa II became king in A.D. 48. In 60, when St. Paul was arrested, the procurator consulted Agrippa concerning the Apostle’s case; the Tetrarch found him innocent. He accepted this worshipful praise and, as a result, the true God struck him down by inflicting him with an internal condition that was immediately obvious to the lauding crowd and that ultimately killed him. When his father had to flee from his creditors, the boy visited Palestine for the first time - he must have been five years old. In 66 the procurator Gessius Florus permitted a massacre of Jews in Jerusalem, and the Zealots there rose in revolt. These two towns were also the residences of the Roman governor of Judaea, and they must have cooperated closely. He may have stayed in Rome until 53, when the emperor Claudius added the territories that had once been ruled by his father's uncle Philip to his realms: the Golan heights and several adjacent countries. When he returned to Rome, he was imprisoned. – 100? ). He was fourteen years old; and he was sixteen or seventeen when his father died unexpectedly in the summer of 44. She then married her uncle, Herod, king of Chalcis (in Syria), with whom she had two sons. His original name was Marcus Julius Agrippa. Home » Articles » Person » Herod Agrippa II, About Pictures Sources Countries Languages Categories Tags Thanks FAQ Donate Contact Articles Stubs. He was the last important descendant of king Herod the Great. Herod’s Background. The young prince, however, took an interest in the welfare of the Jews and helped secure them an edict of moderation. Is "Herod" (Acts 12:18) the Edomite king who tried to kill Jesus after His birth? This page was created in 2000; last modified on 15 June 2020. The young king took his residence in Jerusalem and Caesarea. An inscribed lead weight found in the neighborhood of Tiberias mentions his forty-third regnal year (i.e., 97/98) and the Byzantine scholar Photius informs us that he has read that Agrippa died in the third year of the Roman emperor Trajan (100). Herod Agrippa II was the son of Herod Agrippa I, the great-grandson of Herod the Great and the brother of Bernice and Drusilla. Herod Agrippa II (king of Chalcis, later Tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis, ca. His first son, Herod Agrippa II, born in AD 28, ruled much of Palestine as king, though never Judea. Michael K Olmsted Herod Agrippa II, son of Agrippa I, ruled Galilee for 42 years, while Judea, in the south, continued to be administered by a string of Roman governors in order to maintain tight control of Jerusalem. Agrippa II was the son of Agrippa I and in A.D. 44, the year of his father's death, the emperor Claudius wished to give him the kingdom of his father, but he was dissuaded from his purpose because a youth of seventeen was hardly capable of assuming responsibilities so great (Jos., "Ant. Agrippa II: A Questioning King Formations: November 26, 2017 Scripture: Acts 26:1-3, 13-18a, 24-29. was appointed by Festus to hear Paul’s defense. In his own kingdom, he refounded the town Panias and named it after the emperor Nero: Neronias. AGRIPPA II, HEROD. While there, he made a planned public appearance during which the crowd praised him as a god. Herod Agrippa II from Wikipedia Herod Agrippa II (born AD 27/28), officially named Marcus Julius Agrippa and sometimes just called Agrippa, was the seventh and last king of the family of Herod the Great, the Herodians. Herod Agrippa II (Hebrew: אגריפס‎ ; AD 27/28 – c. 92 or 100), officially named Marcus Julius Agrippa and sometimes shortened to Agrippa, was the eighth and last ruler from the Herodian dynasty. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. After his death (. It is near a spring with awesome water, a grotto, and many shrines that lay near by in ruins. In 48 he received authority over temple affairs in Jerusalem. Herod Agrippa II, king of Chalcis in southern Lebanon from 50 ce and tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis in south Syria from 53 ce, who unsuccessfully mediated with the rebels in the First Jewish Revolt (66–70 ce). 2 He ordered James, the brother of John, to be killed by the sword. Updates? It was not the only disturbance. In Acts 4:27, Herod Antipas (simply called Herod) is mentioned as one of those guilty of the crucifixion of Jesus. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. He was a great-grandson of Herod I the Great. Vespasian sent his son Titus to Rome to congratulate the new ruler; in his company were king Agrippa and queen Berenice, who had become Titus' lover. When Agrippa supported Florus, urging moderation, the Zealots gained the upper hand, and the case became hopeless. Julius Marcus Agrippa or Agrippa II: oriental king, ruled 48-100. In the first city, he enlarged the royal palace and renovated the temple; in the second, he met the Christian apostle Paul in 58. AD 50-93) – Agrippa II, the great-grandson of Herod the Great, was the ruler before whom the Apostle Paul made his defense in Acts 25-26. One year later, Claudius' successor Nero added the city of Tiberias (the capital of Galilee) and parts of Peraea (the east bank of the river Jordan). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In 75, Agrippa was back in Rome, where he must have been present when Vespasian inaugurated the Forum of Peace (a public garden in the center of Rome), must have met his wife Berenice, and received new territories in Syria: Arca, east of modern Tripoli. It is probable that Julius Marcus Agrippa also was responsible for the temple in Jerusalem: he had the right to appoint the high priest. Agrippa II (b. As his father had been, Agrippa II was an ardent collaborator with Rome and did all in his power to prevent the rupture between Rome and Jewry, but in vain. No, this is King Herod Agrippa I ("Agrippa"). He was the fifth member of this dynasty to bear the title of king, but he reigned over territories outside As father and son, Agrippa I and II were men of similar characters. Nero, the new emperor, in 54 added territory near the Sea of Galilee to Agrippa’s realm. Herod and his wife Cypros had a son, Agrippa II, born around 27 AD, and three daughters: Bernice, Mariamne and Drusilla, who would go on to marry Antonius Felix, the governor of Judea. ), Paul’s first judge, left him in prison for two years until new procurator Porcius Festus (r. c. 60–62 C.E.) Soon, new provinces were added, and in 41, father Agrippa had reunited the complete kingdom of his grandfather, king Herod the Great. [1] His grandfather, Antipas, was the first to convert to Judaism under the wave of conquests led by the Hasmonean ruler, John Hyrcanus (134–104 B.C.E. 27/28 C.E. Agrippa hastened home in the first weeks of 70, at the right moment to be present when Titus, who had succeeded his father as commander, attacked Jerusalem. Julius Marcus Agrippa was born in 27 or 28 in Rome was the son of the Jewish prince Herod Agrippa and his wife Cyprus. He was the son of Agrippa I, who was the son of Aristobulus, who was the son of Herod the Great. However, he was released by the new emperor Caligula and made king of the territories that had once been ruled by his uncle Philip. Agrippa was not the builder that his grandfather was; indeed, none of the Herodian rulers that followed could match Herod the Great’s impressive construction campaigns. Herod Antipas ruled during the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus. All rights reserved. Caesarea Philippi was an ancient Roman city at the Southwestern corner of Mount Hermon. Roman taxation had impoverished the working class of Judaea and there was a food shortage. Agrippa II was raised and educated at the imperial court in Rome. In June 68, the Roman attack was slowed down, because the emperor Nero was killed and a new emperor was chosen, Galba. became the seventh and final king from the Herodian family. Herod Agrippa I, named Marcus Julius Agrippa, was born around 10 BC and ruled Judea and its surrounding areas after a brief period of direct Roman rule. During his reign as king in Judea, Herod Agrippa came to Caesarea. Look it up now! Between 52 and 60, he appointed several high priests and earned the enmity of the conflicting parties. In 65 or 66, the situation escalated, when Marcus Julius Agrippa was in Alexandria; people were killed in a tax riot and the Roman governor Gessius Florus crucified some bystanders. King Herod Agrippa II (r. 50–c. In 63, the temple was completed, which caused some unrest among the artisans now unemployed. So when Paul said that Agrippa knew about the customs and the questions with regards to the Jews, Agrippa II really knew. All content copyright © 1995–2021 Livius.org. When his father returned to Rome in 36, Julius Marcus and his mother had to stay behind. Agrippa II's full name, like that of his father, was Marcus Julius Agrippa. 12. II was the great-grandson of Herod the Great, who had attempted to kill infant Jesus and who did kill many baby boys in Judea When they learned that Galba had been killed in January 69, Titus and Berenice went home, but Agrippa continued to Italy, where he witnessed the civil war: he must have met the new emperors Otho and Vitellius, and he must have been in Rome when heard that Vespasian had decided to rebel. On the death of Herod II., Agrippa succeeded in having the former's post promised him. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The son of Agrippa I, he was the seventh and last king of the family of Herod the Great. Agrippa II was about 17 when his dad died. He was, however, a Like his father Herod Agrippa I before him, young Agrippa II was educated in Rome under the auspices of the imperial court. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Two years later he became king of Chalcis, and in 53 he exchanged this land for Philip the Tetrarch’s former holdings. His uncle, *Herod II of Chalcis, died in the year 48 and Agrippa received this small kingdom two years later. Our sources do not mention any children. Herod Agrippa II, (born 27 ce—died c. 93), king of Chalcis in southern Lebanon from 50 ce and tetrarch of Batanaea and Trachonitis in south Syria from 53 ce, who unsuccessfully mediated with the rebels in the First Jewish Revolt (66–70 ce). The elder Agrippa's career had not been very successful: he had lost his fortune, had gone bankrupt, had fled, had found a job in Galilee (where his uncle Herod Antipas ruled) and had lost this job. He must have witnessed the destruction of the temple that he had renovated himself. He ruled in Lebanon and his territory was expanded later to include more of the Jewish territory. the son of the Jewish prince Herod Agrippaand his wife Cyprus. Although the grandson of the biblical villain Herod the Great, and the longest reigning and of the Herodian dynasty, Herod Agrippa II (fl. 12 During that same time King Herod began to do terrible things to some who belonged to the church. Herod, one of the greatest and most controversial kings of Judea, was born in the year 73/72 B.C.E. Herod Agrippa II. Arrest Peter, too second judge, and the rebels massacred the Roman garrison auspices! 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