Much happens but it doesn't feel too much in terms of how much happens or the impact it has, to the point that it becomes exhausting. This match was even more advantageous than Lucrezia’s first two marriages, and if she was understandably reluctant, there was also a part of her that must have been eager to escape her father and brother’s poisonous clutches. Deeply saddened to hear of this lovely gentleman’s passing. The marriage was not a happy one. All the performances are strong, with relatively underused characters from the previous season serving a major role here (i.e. Illustrator: Louise Pomeroy, Create your own site at WordPress.com arrow-right. Lucrezia, who only learned of his death a month after it happened, was distraught, wailing, “The more I try to please God, the more he tries me.” She shut herself away from the world once again, not knowing how else to cope with this fresh loss. Cesare, one of Lucrezia's brothers, was made an archbishop, and in 1493 he became a cardinal. Lucrezia Borgia (Subiaco, 18 april 1480 - Ferrara, 24 juni 1519) was, net als haar broer Cesare Borgia, een vermeend buitenechtelijk kind van paus Alexander VI en Vannozza dei Cattanei.. Op haar dertiende werd ze uitgehuwelijkt aan Giovanni Sforza van Pesaro, van de machtige Milanese Sforza-familie.Haar echtgenoot, die twee keer zo oud was als zij, was labiel. In it she asked Francesco to trust him as he would herself (the conventional formula for confidential messages) and ‘hold him as the most faithful servant which he is’, asking him to give effect to his promise that he would take him (Gatto) into his service. Lucrezia immediately contacted de Mirafuentes, as she told Gonzaga in a letter of 11 May, enclosing the castellan’s reply: ‘I only beg of you to signify if there is anything else you need in this case and if I can be of help to you because I assure Your Excellency that you will find me always most prompt and well-disposed in this and in anything else you know that I can be of service to you,’ At the end of July, responding to further requests from Francesco about the horses, she told him that she had written immediately and with the greatest urgency to the castellan and was sure that he would obtain what he desired. This may well have given him ideas that he might have been invested with the Dukedom by the Pope in Alfonso’s absence. Lucrezia was in Pesaro with her husband and Giulia, Giovanni was still in Barcelona, and 12-year-old Gioffre was in Naples, all of which meant that the only family the pope had nearby was Cesare. Although Cesare and their father had manipulated her, used her to promote their own agenda, and (likely) killed her beloved second husband, they remained the two people to whom she felt the closest in the world. Lucrezia contracted a fever and died 10 days later. Needless to say, Alfonso and Sancia were furious over what was happening, and neither was subtle about their feelings. Alfonso left Rome, but Lucrezia talked him into returning. Cesare rushed to his sister’s side and spent a day with her; she seemed to rally under his attention and even laughed at one of his jokes while her doctors bled her. According to Sanudo, on 21 October Alfonso complained to della Pigna that the Venetian Signory ‘do not wish him well and he does not know why if it were not for the men sent by madonna Lucretia to help Valentino, and he has not given him a penny, etc. In a public statement given on June 19, he said that he would give up seven papacies if that could bring back his son. He sent a trusted servant, Marcantonio Gatto, to request Lucrezia that Bentivoglio’s daughter, Costanza, be taken from her mother and sent to Mantua to Giovanni Gonzaga’s house. The journey to Ferrara, way up in the north of the boot, was long and made longer still by Lucrezia’s frequent requests to stop and wash her hair. Reportedly weary of the political intrigue of the Vatican and the arrogance of Lucrezia's brothers, he may also have heard that Cesare Borgia was considering ways to eliminate him. She even grew desperate enough to ask the new pope, Julius II, to release Cesare. Luckily, both brought out the Borgia craftiness in spades. Now there was nobody left on her side. Giovanni implored his uncle to intercede, but Ludovico, who had brought about the invasion of Italy by Charles VIII of France—an invasion that almost toppled Rodrigo from the papacy—was unwilling to do anything that would further provoke the pope. Meanwhile, an event had occurred in Rome which was to have serious consequences for Cesare, the Este and indeed Lucrezia herself. In the midst of all the chaos around her, Lucrezia proved to be a competent leader and administrator, a role she would come to relish later in life. ", Biography of Lucrezia Borgia, Daughter of Pope Alexander VI. However, when the papal messenger arrived at Cesena, Cesare’s castellans, the Ramires brothers, beat him and hanged him from the castle walls, and sent an insolent message to the Pope. They were even less impressed when Louis accompanied Cesare on his return to Italy, apparently intent on picking up where Charles had left off. Zij wist Ferrara op te werken van een desolate plaats te midden van de moerassen tot één der voornaamste Europese kunststeden. Alas for him, he died on February 21, 1513, before any of his plots could come to fruition. GIOVANNI SFORZA: the pope said he wanted to annul my marriage, GIOVANNI SFORZA: on grounds of non-consummation, GIOVANNI SFORZA: and I was like, bro, my penis works great, GIOVAANNI SFORZA: anyway, I told everybody that Alexander probably wanted his daughter for himself. Lucrezia, though, was furious. When Alfonso d’Este returned home in early 1519, he went straight to Lucrezia’s chambers. Privacy Policy. This was fine with Cesare, who had inherited all of his father’s libertine qualities and none of his religious devotion. He never saw Lucrezia again thereafter, although they were in touch sporadically until the end of her life. For a brief moment, it must have seemed to Lucrezia as if everything was going to be alright, with her father, brother, and husband united in their joy at the arrival of a son and heir. . She seems to have been a difficult woman, and the nuns with whom she first lodged complained to Lucrezia that they did not wish to keep her, whereupon the compassionate Lucrezia had persuaded a Messer Alfonso Calacagnino to have her in his house,20 Two years later Francesco Gonzaga took up the cause of Ercole Bentivoglio at the instance of his own brother, Giovanni Gonzaga, who was related to Bentivoglio through his wife, Laura. By early 1497, it was clear to everyone that the Borgias had collectively moved on from Lucrezia’s marriage, although their reasons were unclear. In 1498 huwde zij met Alfonso van Bisceglie, prins van Salerno en hertog van Bisceglie, zoon van koning Alfons II van Napels. She wrote often to her future father-in-law, who at one time was considering marrying her if Alfonso did not. . On the night of 17 October the gentle, kindly but infirm Pius III died after a reign of only twenty-six days. His favorites — Giovanni, Cesare, and Lucrezia — were with a twice-married Italian woman named Vannozza Cattanei. Together, Lucrezia and Alfonso were a real, if unlikely, Renaissance Dream Team. And to have better lodging than he could at present there because the people I have mentioned are there. Translated by Gilda Roberts. Lucrezia's father and her brother Cesare began to have other plans for Lucrezia: Alexander wanted to switch alliances from France to Naples. 18-year-old Sancia allegedly began having an affair with either one or both of her husband’s brothers, probably because her 14-year-old husband wasn’t done with puberty yet. Condoling with Francesco that their firstborn, Eleonora, was a girl, he ‘comforted’ him, saying that as a girl her birth would have brought ‘less pain to the Most Illustrious Marchioness, and less stretching to her quim when she will have brought you a benefit and greater pleasure in your communal embraces, so that you won’t find such a large chamber that it would be like a dried pea in a rattle or a clapper in a bell’.15 Sodomy with either sex was not only a sin but a crime punishable by death by burning; only the rich, like Francesco’s brother Giovanni, married to Laura Bentivoglio but nonetheless a practising homosexual, might escape by paying a hefty fine. On this occasion the Cardinal Regino told the Venetian orator that Donna Lucrezia, consort of Lord Alfonso, was his ‘comare’ [literally meaning co-godparent, which in those days implied a closer relationship than it does now], and in all her affairs bows [‘fa capo’] to your most Reverend Signory and that she serves you willingly, since she is a virtuous lady and well loved by him: with some other words spoken with considerable reserve and prudence, by which he tacitly wished to insinuate that, in case of the death of the aforesaid duke, she and her husband would be recommended to Your Serenity; saying, however, that she would not do otherwise, for her goodness and justice; . She had four more pregnancies and perhaps two miscarriages between 1514 and 1519. Both Lucrezia and Alfonso remained outside the city, Lucrezia at Medelana, Alfonso at Ostellato. Once again, it’s hard to know what (if any) role Lucrezia played in any of this; some people believe that she was the one who had warned Giovanni that Alexander and Cesare were out to get him, while others believe that she was in league with her family. .’ It takes him little time to learn that Della Rovere was behind the assassination attempt but his mother suggests he think of what they will do if Alexander die. Content to socialize with artists, courtiers, poets, and citizens of the Renaissance court, she helped make Ferrara a center for artists and writers. Today in 1507, Cesare Borgia died outside the walls of Viana in Spain. Hey, remember the Orsini? What we do know is that Giovanni left Rome — more like fled — at the end of March. At first Lucrezia seemed to improve, but on June 20 her health went into steep decline. Lucrezia gave birth to a son, Rodrigo, on November 1, 1499. . Re-evaluating the stories of scandalous women from history is one place to start. Praeger, 1972. After Rodrigo became Pope as Alexander VI, he advanced the career within the church of many Borja and Borgia relatives. But by the time her first marriage was officially annulled on December 27, 1497, Lucrezia was six months pregnant. The remainder of Isabella’s letters home detail her disdain: Lucrezia slept in every morning, the plays and mock-battles arranged for the wedding were boring, the balls were too crowded to actually dance. The Este had a reputation for ruthlessness in similar circumstances. View production, box office, & company info. The Face of Death Cesare returned later with another man, cleared the room, and, as the other man later recounted the story, had his associate strangle or smother Alfonso to death. The mystery deepened when, after just a week, all inquiries were suspended. Ippolito fell into a rage and had the unfortunate man soundly beaten. For a while it seemed as if the pope was recovering while his son got worse, but then things took a turn. . Lucrezia was once more undone by her grief, but, given her family’s ongoing expansionist activities and general treachery, she wasn’t likely to find a sympathetic ear in Ferrara. Less than ten days earlier, on 8 December, Giustinian had reported Lucrezia as taking an important political initiative to protect herself and Alfonso in the event of Ercole’s death: Letters from Ferrara announce that Duke Ercole is gravely ill, in imminent danger of death. Ercole drove a hard bargain before consenting to the marriage in exchange for a very large dowry, a position in the church for his son, some additional lands, and reduced payments to the church. This romantic gesture delighted Lucrezia, and the bridegroom, for his part, was surprised by his immediate attraction to his new wife.

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