[105] Cocaine, heroin, and increasingly methamphetamine are also traded. But, later in 2012, one of their leaders was killed in a shootout with the Mexican Navy.

Those soldiers would eventually go rogue and form a rival cartel of their own (more on this later). It also had access to a huge arsenal of weapons, including a rocket-propelled grenade launcher and Guzmán's own gold plated AK-47. Between 2000 and 2012, several dozen journalists, including Miguel Ángel López Velasco, Luis Carlos Santiago, and Valentín Valdés Espinosa, were murdered there for covering narco-related news. They moved beyond drugs and turned their hand to any crime that brought them money, from cigarette smuggling to human trafficking. The Mexican cartels are expanding their control over the distribution of these drugs in areas controlled by Colombian and Dominican criminal groups, and it is now believed they control most of the illegal drugs coming into the U.S.[273]. Calderón proposes a ban on cash purchases of real estate and of certain luxury goods that cost more than 100,000 pesos (about US$8,104.) [250], ATF Project Gunrunner has stated that the official objective is to stop the sale and export of guns from the United States into Mexico in order to deny Mexican drug cartels the firearms considered "tools of the trade". In June 2007, President Calderón purged 284 federal police commanders from all 31 states and the Federal District.[110]. His approach is to pay more attention to the victims of violent crime and he wants to revisit two previously taken strategies. A&E Indie Films. It is a key player in the illegal amphetamine market in the US and Europe and is also thought to have links to the drug market in Asia. The two cartels then clashed violently, particularly in Mexico's north-east. The Juárez Cartel is only a shadow of the organization it was a decade ago, and its weakness and inability to effectively fight against Sinaloa's advances in Juarez contributed to the lower death toll in Juarez in 2011.[175]. According to the three men, the CIA was collaborating with drug traffickers moving cocaine and marijuana to the United States, and using its share of the profits to finance Nicaraguan Contra rebels attempting to overthrow Nicaragua's Sandinista government. Jalisco Cartel defeated La Resistencia and took control of Millenio Cartel's smuggling networks. ", "Release of Mexico Murder Stats Reveals Shifting Landscape", "Dozens of Bodies, Many Mutilated, Dumped in Mexico", "Mexican general makes explosive accusations", "Mexican Drug Cartels Forming Alliances with American Street Gangs", The United States is undermining its own security, "Mexican Cartels and the Fallout From Phoenix", "Mexican Drug cartels terror reaches Alabama", "Los Zetas: the Ruthless Army Spawned by a Mexican Drug Cartel", "Mexican drug war News: DEA Reveals Cartels Use Drones To Transport Drugs From Mexico Into US", "Mexico drug wars have killed 35,000 people in four years", "Mexico Updates Death Toll in Drug War to 47,515, but Critics Dispute the Data", "Zetas boss Heriberto Lazcano's death confirmed", "Mexico: Body of Zetas drug cartel leader Lazcano stolen", "Mexico says kills top Zetas drug lord but body snatched", "Death of Zetas Leader Confirmed, But Body Now Missing", "Mexican Navy Believes It Killed Ruthless Gang Kingpin", "Chapo" Guzmán emerges as the big winner after Zetas leader's death", "Ejército abate a Manuel Torres Félix, "El Ondeado", presunto líder del cártel de Sinaloa", "Asesinan en Sinaloa a presunto lugarteniente de "El Chapo", "Mexican army kills Sinaloa cartel leader", "Abaten a Manuel Torres Félix del cártel de Sinaloa", "Drug Violence in Mexico – Data and Analysis Through 2016", "Briefing: How Mexico is waging war on drug cartels", "Mexico Plan Adds Police To Take On Drug Cartels", "Secretaría de Marina – Noticias 18 de julio del 2008", "Reuters -Mexico captures submarine loaded with drugs", "Drug cartels using submarines to smuggle cocaine", "Mexican Drug Cartels Leave a Bloody Trail on YouTube", "Grenade Attack in Mexico Breaks From Deadly Script", "Mexico's Drug War Veers Toward Terrorism Amid Anger Over U.S", "Education Is Latest Casualty In Mexico's Drug War", "In Mexico, Sorting Out Good Guys From Bad", "Encarcelan al ex comisionado de PFP Gerardo Garay Cadena", "Ordenan arrestar a ex mandos de Interpol", "2 Mexican politicians sought; drug cartel link alleged", "Mexico's northern border conflict: collateral damage to health and human rights of vulnerable groups", "Barriers to Pharmacy-Based Syringe Purchase Among Injection Drug Users in Tijuana, Mexico: A Mixed Methods Study", "Syringe possession arrests are associated with receptive syringe sharing in two Mexico-US border cities", "Surge la Policía Federal Ministerial (May 30, 2009)", "Mexico's 'invisible' wounds of gang violence", "Historical trends in the production and consumption of illicit drugs in Mexico: Implications for the prevention of blood borne infections", "A tale of two cities:Social and Environmental Influences Shaping Risk Factors and Protective Behaviors in two Mexico-US Border Cities", "Effects of police confiscation of illicit drugs and syringes among injection drug users in Vancouver", "Syringe Confiscation as an HIV Risk Factor: The Public Health Implications of Arbitrary Policing in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico", "Social and Structural Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Female Sex Workers Who Inject Drugs in the Mexico-US Border Region", "Journalism in violent environments: the case of journalists in Culiacan, Sinaloa", "Periodista asesinada en Tamaulipas denunciaba anónimamente al narcotráfico", Mexico journalists tortured and killed by drug cartels, "Mexican Drug Cartel Threatens to Kill Texas News Reporters", "Periodistas mexicanos trabajan para el narco, acusa diario de EU", "Violence in Mexico Takes Rising Toll on Press", Journalist, 2 family members murdered in Mexico, "Journalists Killed in Mexico – Committee to Protect Journalists", "Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía", Mexico's drug war — told in tweets and whispers, "Bodies hanging from bridge in Mexico are warning to social media users", Woman murdered over social media anti-drug lord advocacy, Mexican Crime Reporters Risk Becoming The Story, "Mayors Are New Targets In Mexico's Deadly Drug War", "Doctor Maria Santos Gorrostieta: Politician murdered for her fight against drug cartels", "3rd Mexican Mayor Killed in 2 Weeks as Cartels Increasingly Target Politicians", "Body count from mass graves in Mexico rises to 145", Crossing Continents: Murder, migration and Mexico, More than 11,000 migrants abducted in Mexico, "Mexican journalist Lydia Cacho: 'I don't scare easily, "Mexican cartels move into human trafficking", "Mexican Drug Cartels Join Forces with Italian Mafia to Supply Cocaine to Europe", "Mexican drug gang menace spreads in Guatemala", "Guatemala police chief arrested over 'cocaine link, "Mexican cartel threatens Guatemala President", "El cártel mexicano de Los Zetas controla el 75% de Guatemala", "Los Zetas controlan seis regiones en Guatemala", "Latin American drug cartels find home in West Africa", "The West African Drug Trade in the Context of the Region's Illicit Economies and Poor Governance", "Testimony of Secretary Janet Napolitano before Senate (March 25, 2009)", "Merida Initiative Will Help Battle Drug Trafficking", "Mexican Cartels: Drug organizations extending reach farthen into U.S", FBI — 2011 National Gang Threat Assessment – Emerging Trends, "Mexican Drug Violence Spills Over Into US", "Officials: 92 Americans killed by homicide in Mexico in last year | killed, hartley, shot – Island Breeze", "Felipe Calderón denies Mexico is a failed state", "Lawmakers Demand Administration Deploy National Guard, Border Patrol After Killing", "Dever says nothing new in investigation", "Obama Mexico border plan not enough-US senator", Obama Authorizes Deployment of More National Guard Troops Along Border, "Is Arizona suffering "increased crime and drugs" because of the border?
This arrangement meant that organizations from Mexico became involved in the distribution, as well as the transportation of cocaine, and became formidable traffickers in their own right. [237] Firearms that make their way to Mexico come from the American civilian market. ", "New Study Separates Rhetoric from Reality on U.S.-Mexico Border", "Court Pleadings Point to CIA Role in Alleged "Cartel" Immunity Deal | the narcosphere", "Top Drug Trafficker Claims U.S. Government Made Agreement to Protect Sinaloa Cartel", "Latin American Panel Calls U.S. Drug War a Failure", "Cardoso, Gaviria, Zedillo Urge Obama to Decriminalize Marijuana", "Time to Debate a Change in Washington's Failed Latin American Drug Policies", "Mexico targets money laundering with plan to limit cash transactions", "Calderon proposes steps against money laundering", "United States-Mexico Partnership: Anti-Arms Trafficking and Anti-Money Laundering", "Banks Financing Mexico Gangs Admitted in Wells Fargo Deal", How a big US bank laundered billions from Mexico's murderous drug gangs, "HSBC Exposed U.S. Financial System to Money Laundering, Drug, Terrorist Financing Risks", "HSBC Exposed U.S. Financial System to Money Laundering, Drug, Terrorist Financing Risks (press release)", "HSBC Executive Resigns at Senate Money Laundering Hearing", "UPDATE 6-Senators doubtful as HSBC touts money-laundering fixes", "HSBC in return for "no admission of wrongdoing or guilt, "A Regional Strategy for Drug Wars in the Americas", Buscaglia, Edgardo (2013). Furthermore, due to alliance structures, the Gulf Cartel-Los Zetas conflict drew in other cartels, namely the Sinaloa Cartel which fought the Zetas in 2010 and 2011. [232][233][234][235] Some members of the criminal organizations also abduct women and girls to use as their personal sex slaves[232] and carry out sexual assault of migrants from Latin America to the United States. [344] Some media networks simply stopped reporting on drug crimes, while others have been infiltrated and corrupted by drug cartels. The Mexican cartels acquire those firearms mainly in the southern states of Texas, Arizona and California. This has led to a surplus of cocaine which has resulted in local Mexican dealers attempting to offload extra narcotics along trafficking routes, especially in border areas popular among low income North American tourists. [411][413], In 2011, Wachovia, at one time a major U.S. bank, was implicated in laundering money for Mexican drug lords. Many cartels have been able to control the information environment by threatening journalists, bloggers, and others who speak out against them. [399][400], In March 2009, the Obama administration outlined plans to redeploy more than 500 federal agents to border posts and redirect $200 million to combat smuggling of illegal drugs, money and weapons. [289][290], After the shootout, the military confiscated several stashes of weapons, ammunition, and other materials. "Meet the Warlord of the Viagras, Mexico's Hardest Cartel Yet". [139]:41 Félix Gallardo was the lord of Mexican drug smugglers. The Mérida Initiative provides Mexico and Central American countries with law enforcement training and equipment, as well as technical advice to strengthen the national justice systems. 'There Is Officially No More War.' [211][212], Cartels have been engaged in religious propaganda and psychological operations to influence their rivals and those within their area of influence.
In 1999, Gulf Cartel's leader, Osiel Cárdenas Guillén, hired a group of 37 corrupt former elite military soldiers to work for him. [363] The National Human Rights Commission of Mexico (Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos, CNDH) said that 11,000 migrants had been kidnapped in 6 months in 2010 by drug cartels. [353], In May 2012 several journalist murders occurred in Veracruz. The Juárez Cartel controls one of the primary transportation routes for billions of dollars' worth of illegal drug shipments annually entering the United States from Mexico. He was captured in 1996 and jailed for life in the US. [3], On 15 July 2013, the Mexican Navy arrested the top Zeta boss Miguel Treviño Morales. "El Chango", brought the total to twenty-one captured or killed. Despite the fact that Mexican drug cartels and their Colombian suppliers generate, launder and remove $18 billion to $39 billion from the United States each year,[411] the U.S. and Mexican governments have been criticized for their unwillingness or slow response to confront the various cartels' financial operations, including money laundering. Guatemala has also arrested dozens of drug suspects and torched huge cannabis and poppy fields. Such actions demonstrate that Calderón's significant military offensive will continue to reveal mixed results until the military itself is rid of the corrupting influences of the cartels whom they supposedly aim to persecute. Television journalism only includes 4 percent of the deaths. Branching out of just protecting drug cartels, paramilitary groups have entered many other financially profitable industries, such as oil, gas, kidnapping, and counterfeiting electronics. Sometimes the cartels force the migrants to join their organization and work for them. [203] Through online videos, the Jalisco New Generation Cartel has tried to seek society's approval and tacit consent from the Mexican government to confront Los Zetas by posing as a "righteous" and "nationalistic" group. [3], The Zetas are notorious for targeting civilians, including the mass murder of 72 migrants in the San Fernando massacre. It became known around this time for trafficking cocaine and marijuana into the US. (Pictures)", "Stratfor an authority on strategic and tactical intelligence issues", "Benjamin Arellano Felix, Mexican Drug Cartel Kingpin, Pleads Guilty In U.S. Federal Court", Video: Narco deja pueblos fantasma en Tamaulipas, "Geopolitical intelligence, economic, political, and military strategic forecasting", "Dos carteles dominan la guerra de las drogas en México :: El Informador", "Mexico Media Pact Marks PR Battle in Drug War", "Leader of Mexico's Zetas cartel captured in city near Texas border", "Borderland Beat: Monterrey: 300 kilos of cocaine seized, likely belonging to Cartel del Norte (Zetas)", "Mexican cartel leader Nazario "El Chayo" Moreno reported dead – again", "Surgen cuatro grupos del narco en 2011; El Chapo es el capo más poderoso", "Mexico police raid 'La Familia drug cartel', killing 11", "Mexican Authorities Arrest 46 Suspected Drug Gang Members", "Criminales del Medievo; hallan túnicas de Caballeros Templarios", "Mexican cartel renames itself 'Knights Templar, "Mexico Drug War: Knights Templar Gang Usurps La Familia", "New Cartel Announces Takeover from Familia Michoacana", "Criminals down police helicopter in Mexico, four dead", "Is Mexico's CJNG Following in the Footsteps of the Zetas? Netflix video. [319][320][321], Immense power in the executive branch and corruption in the legislative and judiciary branches also contribute to the worsening of Mexico's human rights situation, leading to such problems as police forces violating basic human rights through torture and threats, the autonomy of the military and its consequences and the ineffectiveness of the judiciary in upholding and preserving basic human rights. [279][280][281], On 7 October 2012, the Mexican Navy responded to a civilian complaint reporting the presence of armed gunmen in Sabinas, Coahuila. The Tijuana Cartel, also known as the Arellano Félix Organization, was once among Mexico's most powerful. [393][394][395][396], The Mexican government responded negatively to the U.S. government raising the prospect of Mexico becoming a failed state. The US government has described the Sinaloa Cartel as one of the largest drug-trafficking organisations in the world. [319][332][333] These rates are accompanied by mounting rates of HIV and STIs among injection drug users (IDUs) and sex workers, reaching a 5.5% prevalence in cities such as Tijuana and Ciudad Juárez, which also report STI rates of 64% and 83%, respectively. Since 2011, the Juárez Cartel continues to weaken;[173][174] however, holds presence in the three main points of entry into El Paso, Texas. France widens curfew as virus cases hit new record, Goldman Sachs to pay $3bn over Malaysia scandal, The Covid doctor whose dance video went viral. [328], Ethnic prejudices have also emerged in the drug war, and poor and helpless indigenous communities have been targeted by the police, military, drug traffickers and the justice system. Internal divisions have also served to weaken the group, but it remains a dangerous force.

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