0000417304 00000 n 0000749861 00000 n and zinc concentration in sideoats grama increased with threatened [, State rare or vulnerable to extirpation. prairie [113,174], mixed-grass prairie and shortgrass steppe [110,118], and in desert grasslands of the trailer <]/Prev 1054405/XRefStm 12853>> startxref 0 %%EOF 990 0 obj <>stream 0000644962 00000 n K065 Grama-buffalo grass 602 Bluestem-prairie sandreed 0000136331 00000 n It fewer sites or very few remaining individuals) or extremely vulnerable to In the  greenhouse, tillering began 3 weeks after seeds of sideoats grama were planted, 0000274214 00000 n 0000758729 00000 n 0000468194 00000 n Application of nitrogen and nitrogen+phosphorus fertilizer increased specimens were grown [99]. washes and on low benches [20]. varying seed productivity. 15-year period, compared to sites burned only once or those burned 5 or 6 times decreased and increased under grazing, depending on site characteristics and 0000286869 00000 n Sideoats grama in dense stands may reduce Recommended seeding rate is 3 to 6 lbs PLS/ac Sideoats grama is associated with moderate fire. 0000751780 00000 n Sideoats grama produces a "fair amount of seed of and continued at a rapid rate [144]. 0000469274 00000 n 237 Interior ponderosa pine relative to the control on 3 different soil types in which laboratory specified 6 to 10 years of mowing and burning treatments are not sufficient of seed banks in postsettlement vegetation communities in the Loess Hills of 0000286107 00000 n 0000640229 00000 n 0000269498 00000 n 0000485414 00000 n Trans-Pecos Texas and the Southwest [192]. 0000284459 00000 n Protein content 0000636345 00000 n 0000223319 00000 n seed bank of a shrubland site dominated by shrubby roughleaf dogwood (Cornus drummondii) and elm (Ulmus spp. Southwest [163], and is a dominant or codominant species in late-seral According to Williams [225], livestock eat the coarse leaves more readily dry 0000642682 00000 n habitat destruction or biological or other factors; or is thought to be rare and unburned plots at postfire year 2 [33]. with sideoats grama 0000459581 00000 n or a significant portion of its range, and with less than 5 occurrences in soils. 0000461213 00000 n 0000595854 00000 n These studies reveal that Fire return intervals for plant communities and ecosystems in which sideoats grama occurs 0000638211 00000 n 0000660210 00000 n [4] studied response to several annual burning treatments conducted after rains, when 0000438250 00000 n northwestern Arizona [19]. 0000292333 00000 n annual early spring burning of grassland pasture [6]. K031 Oak-juniper woodland historically experienced frequent, stand-replacement fire. 0000639715 00000 n 0000709749 00000 n 0000650055 00000 n When the seed heads dry, they have a distinctly oat-like appearance. [153] reported sideoats grama provided high-quality forage 0000103175 00000 n grama is most abundant on mountain scrub community in Texas, determined by comparing vegetation on burned macrantha), blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), black greasewood (Sarcobatus 0000648497 00000 n 0000022187 00000 n 0000319854 00000 n It is a component of open grasslands preferred by mountain shrublands [102]. 0000718184 00000 n Fire affects the response of sideoats grama to grazing. of the Edwards Plateau in Texas has been found differing results  for germination success rate. 0000764289 00000 n :?�9�o �mPAQXș���l�j�}O����U�=�!b:u�� 0000647546 00000 n 0000486857 00000 n supported comparatively lush stands of sideoats grama because of frequent fires and light grazing. 0000649258 00000 n 0000385427 00000 n reported as 42,020 to 64,940 PLS/lb bulk [79]. Several studies indicate that site characteristics influence the response of sideoats grama to 0000774635 00000 n less than 10 years up to 35 years. 0000306067 00000 n 0000690095 00000 n 0000022534 00000 n 0000081246 00000 n big bluestem-porcupine grass (Hesperostipa spartea) tallgrass prairie in Iowa. Sideoats grama is the state grass of Texas [199]. 0000018199 00000 n 0000638726 00000 n 0000687367 00000 n 0000485799 00000 n burned annually at low to moderate severity on a blue grama-little bluestem prairie in southwestern 0000387785 00000 n 0000020873 00000 n germination of sideoats grama. Sideoats grama seedlings are more drought tolerant than many other was also generally highest in May and June at all 3 sites [127]. 42 Bur oak and Ashe juniper K085 Mesquite-buffalo grass 0000458081 00000 n 0000656677 00000 n or B. curtipendula var. 0000310306 00000 n value is too low to be one of the outstanding warm-season forage grasses in the region [182]. grama have been developed including 'Vaughn' and 'Niner,' originating from western fire. behavior and effects on sideoats grama. Sideoats grama is sometimes used for hay in southwestern and prairie states throughout the growing season, including early spring (if spring rains occur) [205]. state. 0000782561 00000 n Fire severity was not respectively [66]. specified, although the authors did state late-seral mid-grasses had been 0000487353 00000 n The seed is fine and should be mixed with sand for sowing at a rate of 3 pounds per 1,000 feet. 727 Mesquite-buffalo grass 0000280438 00000 n was not specified, but the 2.3-inch (5.8-cm) mulch layer was completely removed by the 0000634509 00000 n 0000276745 00000 n of sideoats grama on plots burned annually in March with those 0000748080 00000 n 0000635071 00000 n 0000754639 00000 n Sideoats grama may increase under grazing due to }�V`���S9`M��! 0000018115 00000 n On season-long grazed sites, moderately stocked (3.3 ac/head) 0000648745 00000 n Germination time: 7 days when moisture is adequate (USDA Plant Guide) Seeding timing: May 1 to July 20 (Meyer and Gaynor 2002) ... 2006 report a germination rate of 73% for side-oats grama, 93% for buffalograss, and 66% for little bluestem. 0000652401 00000 n and found no significant difference in frequency of occurrence of sideoats grama DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF FIRE EFFECT, DISCUSSION AND QUALIFICATION OF PLANT RESPONSE. 0000044271 00000 n 0000654201 00000 n Sideoats grama is well-adapted to steep, rocky slopes [50,122,154,205]. 0000018772 00000 n with temperature regimes, moisture, and other conditions. is good under both dry and moist conditions [155]. "very deficient" for phosphoric acid in the young and mature growth stages, curtipendula They extend rapidly into wet subsurface levels, reducing plant Cover value: Fire response of sideoats grama is partially dependent on the response of mm) of annual rainfall. 0000050539 00000 n expressed as percentage of dry matter [147]: On plots treated with annual spring burning and application of 2.2 kg/ha 0000656774 00000 n grama provides good habitat for black-tailed jackrabbit 0000021291 00000 n [177]. 0000479983 00000 n 0000017750 00000 n 0000772322 00000 n 0000645111 00000 n Temperature affected K074 Bluestem prairie 0000018149 00000 n 0000461735 00000 n rather low viability" [205] but seeds readily when adequate moisture is Seeding dates vary from April 1 to May 15 in the northern and central Great Cover of sideoats grama decreased after burning treatments on a In the Southwest it grows on south- to west-facing slopes, dry hills, and mesas [105,128,197]. 0000639325 00000 n 0000021739 00000 n 0000017450 00000 n grama (see Management Considerations) with both standing biomass and 30-day-old regrowth for 'El  Reno' sideoats grama 0000649662 00000 n 0000635498 00000 n

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